Whatever Happened to Susan Pevensie?
February 17, 2009
Matthew Alderman
It’s one of childhood’s great narrative shocks. Susan Pevensie is no longer a friend of Narnia. The bad news comes, almost offhandedly, as the series ends amid the cheerfully eschatological curtain-calls of The Last Battle. How could heC.S. Lewis, Aslan, maybe Goddo that to dear old Su? To Queen Susan the Gentle, Susan the sure-sighted archeress?
Surely you remember her. She is the second-eldest of the Pevensie children, the pretty one in the family, dark-haired, tender-hearted, and occasionally cautious to the point of being a bit of a wet blanket. In The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, she is given the representative gifts of a bow, arrows, and a magic horn that summons help wherever you might be. These gifts signify her strength, femininity, and prudence.
Yet she is conspicuously absent from the roll call of Narnian heroes we encounter in Aslan’s heavenly country. She is, Aslan says, “no longer a friend of Narnia.” Susan, we remember, is excluded from heaven for growing up, for liking lipstick, nylons, and parties.
Susan’s fate helped spur friendly neighborhood atheist Philip Pullman to write his own anti-Narnia, the ramshackle Dark Materials trilogy with its sin-as-freedom metaphysics and straw-man take on Christian morality. In his reading, Independent Modern Woman gets a raw deal from a British weirdo with major lady issues. From the way he goes on about Lewis, you’d think the author of The Four Loves was an underdeveloped asexual freak bent on keeping his readers in a kiddie time-warp sealed away from the great god Sex.
But all we are told in The Last Battle is this: Susan has turned her back on Narnia in favor of nylons, lipstick, and party invitations. Boys, much less the joy of sex, don’t even merit a mention. More disconcerting is her quietly alarming capacity for self-deception: We are told that she also dismisses her fifteen-odd years of memories as Queen in Narnia as the product of childish fantasy.
This detail gives a more poignant shading to Susan’s downfall. As Polly Plummer, one of the senior “friends of Narnia,” puts it in The Last Battle, Susan is set to become not a real adult, but a perpetual teenager locked into “the silliest time of one’s life.” She is a child’s caricature of adulthood. “I wish she would grow up!” cries Polly.
The problem is not that Su’s world was, say, the world of Gidget, but that it could become what Sex and the City looks like in the unflattering light of reality. A never-ending quest for party invitations looks awfully flimsy when stacked up against the deeds of Narnia’s own strong-willed womenlike Susan herself, once.
Even then, Lewis indicates, it’s hardly hellfire for Susan. He wrote to a young reader in 1957: “The books don’t tell us what happened to Susan. She is left alive in this world at the end, having by then turned into a rather silly, conceited young woman. But there’s plenty of time for her to mend and perhaps she will get to Aslan’s country in the end . . . in her own way.”
Her fate is not some sexist special treatment. Whenever I have returned to the series as an adult, I continually discover that Narnia’s protagonists are far more flawed and complex than I remember from my childhood reads. Wet-blanket Susan has her grouchy moments, and Peter has a fair number of blind-spots. Even little Lucy, jealous of her older, more beautiful sister, is not beyond a touch of vanity in the Dawn Treader. Fallen human nature has its consequences, as Aslan reminds us with an occasional low growl.
At the end of the Dawn Treader, Aslan tells the departing Lucy and Edmund that their time in Narnia was given to them so that they might better know Christ in their own world. The same is true of their older siblings, and all the other human friends of Narnia. High King Peter and his royal siblings scarcely had time to grow up into saints before their lives were cut short. But Aslan has his reasons. I sometimes wonder if the greatest beneficiary of all that happened in that magic land was actually Susan the Gentle, left behind to live her life with the wisdom of Narnia.
Spiritual childhoodwhich is never childishmay take years to appear. God’s grace is bestowed on us as we struggle and fumble our way through life, descending upon us in the strangest places and coming to fruition when we least expect it. And, in that circuitous, delayed redemption, Susan is most like us as we rise and stumble over our own versions of lipstick and nylons and rise again through God’s providence. Like us, she is made for something better, for she is a queen and, even more honorably, a daughter of Eve.
It pleased the great Emperor-over-the-Sea to let her wander in exile until the time was ripe for her return. Only he knows when that might be. Susan’s future is unknown, as are ours, save to God. In spite of her rejection, I think she might yet have carried the treasure of her time in Narnia into true adulthood. For repentanceeven from the sillier, frillier sinsmay have the strangest roots.
Matthew G. Alderman is an assistant editor for Dappled Things, a journal of ideas, art, and faith. He blogs at The Shrine of the Holy Whapping.
Surely you remember her. She is the second-eldest of the Pevensie children, the pretty one in the family, dark-haired, tender-hearted, and occasionally cautious to the point of being a bit of a wet blanket. In The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, she is given the representative gifts of a bow, arrows, and a magic horn that summons help wherever you might be. These gifts signify her strength, femininity, and prudence.
Yet she is conspicuously absent from the roll call of Narnian heroes we encounter in Aslan’s heavenly country. She is, Aslan says, “no longer a friend of Narnia.” Susan, we remember, is excluded from heaven for growing up, for liking lipstick, nylons, and parties.
Susan’s fate helped spur friendly neighborhood atheist Philip Pullman to write his own anti-Narnia, the ramshackle Dark Materials trilogy with its sin-as-freedom metaphysics and straw-man take on Christian morality. In his reading, Independent Modern Woman gets a raw deal from a British weirdo with major lady issues. From the way he goes on about Lewis, you’d think the author of The Four Loves was an underdeveloped asexual freak bent on keeping his readers in a kiddie time-warp sealed away from the great god Sex.
But all we are told in The Last Battle is this: Susan has turned her back on Narnia in favor of nylons, lipstick, and party invitations. Boys, much less the joy of sex, don’t even merit a mention. More disconcerting is her quietly alarming capacity for self-deception: We are told that she also dismisses her fifteen-odd years of memories as Queen in Narnia as the product of childish fantasy.
This detail gives a more poignant shading to Susan’s downfall. As Polly Plummer, one of the senior “friends of Narnia,” puts it in The Last Battle, Susan is set to become not a real adult, but a perpetual teenager locked into “the silliest time of one’s life.” She is a child’s caricature of adulthood. “I wish she would grow up!” cries Polly.
The problem is not that Su’s world was, say, the world of Gidget, but that it could become what Sex and the City looks like in the unflattering light of reality. A never-ending quest for party invitations looks awfully flimsy when stacked up against the deeds of Narnia’s own strong-willed womenlike Susan herself, once.
Even then, Lewis indicates, it’s hardly hellfire for Susan. He wrote to a young reader in 1957: “The books don’t tell us what happened to Susan. She is left alive in this world at the end, having by then turned into a rather silly, conceited young woman. But there’s plenty of time for her to mend and perhaps she will get to Aslan’s country in the end . . . in her own way.”
Her fate is not some sexist special treatment. Whenever I have returned to the series as an adult, I continually discover that Narnia’s protagonists are far more flawed and complex than I remember from my childhood reads. Wet-blanket Susan has her grouchy moments, and Peter has a fair number of blind-spots. Even little Lucy, jealous of her older, more beautiful sister, is not beyond a touch of vanity in the Dawn Treader. Fallen human nature has its consequences, as Aslan reminds us with an occasional low growl.
At the end of the Dawn Treader, Aslan tells the departing Lucy and Edmund that their time in Narnia was given to them so that they might better know Christ in their own world. The same is true of their older siblings, and all the other human friends of Narnia. High King Peter and his royal siblings scarcely had time to grow up into saints before their lives were cut short. But Aslan has his reasons. I sometimes wonder if the greatest beneficiary of all that happened in that magic land was actually Susan the Gentle, left behind to live her life with the wisdom of Narnia.
Spiritual childhoodwhich is never childishmay take years to appear. God’s grace is bestowed on us as we struggle and fumble our way through life, descending upon us in the strangest places and coming to fruition when we least expect it. And, in that circuitous, delayed redemption, Susan is most like us as we rise and stumble over our own versions of lipstick and nylons and rise again through God’s providence. Like us, she is made for something better, for she is a queen and, even more honorably, a daughter of Eve.
It pleased the great Emperor-over-the-Sea to let her wander in exile until the time was ripe for her return. Only he knows when that might be. Susan’s future is unknown, as are ours, save to God. In spite of her rejection, I think she might yet have carried the treasure of her time in Narnia into true adulthood. For repentanceeven from the sillier, frillier sinsmay have the strangest roots.
Matthew G. Alderman is an assistant editor for Dappled Things, a journal of ideas, art, and faith. He blogs at The Shrine of the Holy Whapping.
Comments:
9.15.2009 | 4:44am
Lily says:
Pullman's trilogy has far better writing, plot and characterisation than anything Lewis could have managed. What happened to Susan was appalling.
11.26.2009 | 2:43am
David Morris says:
What happened to Susan was appalling? Well, what did happen to her? She didn't die! The anti Narnia brigade seems to think Lewis not killing her was a terrible crime!
Pullmans novels are well writen, but to me they're dead, lacking any real feeling except when he's attacking Christianity. There are times when I wonder if he is clinically insane!
Pullmans novels are well writen, but to me they're dead, lacking any real feeling except when he's attacking Christianity. There are times when I wonder if he is clinically insane!
6.7.2010 | 1:18am
Lovely says:
I love Susan's fate. She's the one who got away. She chose her own path and made her own decisions instead of blindy obeying a higher power without ever questioning it. Fierce!
6.22.2010 | 10:18am
Clyde C. Bauman, Jr. says:
Seems we have forgotten that the Chronicles are an allegory? Susan's fate is meant to depict what happens when some of us grow up, in that we leave our childlike faith behind us. We enter into and get wrapped up in, even lost, in the "Real World. Usually to our dismay. Often, when we are older, and have tasted the world, we are ready to come back to our first roots. For as Christ himself said, "whoever would enter the Kingdom must become as a child."
7.13.2010 | 2:40pm
James says:
To:Matthew G. Alderman
Dude, that's exactly what I think! Except, you actually shared your view with the world. Bravo, man! Bravo!
Dude, that's exactly what I think! Except, you actually shared your view with the world. Bravo, man! Bravo!
7.28.2010 | 12:44am
divya says:
it's interesting your pointing out that cs lewis never mentions boys at all in relation to susan's downfall, which happens simply because she gets caught up in life, and not necessarily because she discovered sexuality.... the main thing is her forgetting about narnia.
i'd love to think that she eventually got back to the real narnia..it would make the ending truly perfect!!
i'd love to think that she eventually got back to the real narnia..it would make the ending truly perfect!!
12.12.2011 | 9:51am
Lieke says:
Susan was always my favourite. And even tough she left Narnia, or didn't return, she still is. She chose her own path, she was always the smart one, always thinking about tomorrow, about the future. I somewhere believe that she saw that isn't te right way to live your life, and returned to Narnia to be re-united with her siblings and other inhabitants of Narnia. That it was just a mistake. That is what I want to believe.
3.22.2012 | 7:23am
jim says:
Narnia books are fun for the kidlets but take the Christian aspect with a grain of salt, the 'real believers' come in two groups. the annoying ones and the boring ones.
Religion is like politics and is only tolerable if you can avoid taking it seriously
Religion is like politics and is only tolerable if you can avoid taking it seriously
8.20.2012 | 7:15pm
jade says:
But she does go to "Heaven".
In the end, when they die in a car crash, she enters Narnia along with everybody else. Right?
In the end, when they die in a car crash, she enters Narnia along with everybody else. Right?
8.27.2012 | 1:05pm
Suge says:
I think that Susan has turned her back on Narnia because she lost her family in a rail accident. I think that because the passing of time in Narnia is so wonky (remember one year on earth can equal 1300 in Narnia), that Susan has had time to digest losing her family and is angry at the world, including Narnia. It translates on Narnia as something that happened years ago. Susan growing more akin to nylons and lipstick could mean that in actuality, she's grieving. God did not spare her her family and instead took them. She is angry. She doesn't believe in God anymore; she doesn't believe in Aslan; she doesn't believe in Narnia. That's just my theory though
9.18.2012 | 11:04pm
Ellie says:
Susan's treatment wasn't about sexuality. It was about self-deception, about loosing the good things about yourself. It wasn't that Susan did anything bad, far from it. She simply lost what was good, just a little bit. Yes, it is cruel and harsh, to have her so suddenly abandoned to the world, her family dead, completely alone. But this was not a punishment against her, not really. Hardship can bring suffering, but through suffering can we discover our strengths and weaknesses, and thus, find redemption. This was not a punishment. This was the exile of the prodigal son, the one that ended in his (or her) return home, to great rejoicing.
Susan was not ready to join her siblings. It's uncertain if enough of the Gentle Queen remained alive in her heart at the time to make it into Aslan's Country. When she has truly learned all she needed to learn, done all she needed to do in this world, when Queen Susan the Gentle has risen in her heart once more, Susan Pevensie will be able to journey to Aslan's Country with an open mind and a forgiven soul.
Susan was not ready to join her siblings. It's uncertain if enough of the Gentle Queen remained alive in her heart at the time to make it into Aslan's Country. When she has truly learned all she needed to learn, done all she needed to do in this world, when Queen Susan the Gentle has risen in her heart once more, Susan Pevensie will be able to journey to Aslan's Country with an open mind and a forgiven soul.
10.9.2012 | 2:16am
Anup C says:
I liked and enjoyed reading the Chronicles of Narnia series. There were its obvious implications of the play of a higher power in the life of a human being and unquestioning obedience etc. However I personally felt the fate of Susan, was a rather narrow minded observation or punishment inflicted upon the character of Susan by the Author based upon the values he derived from his perspective of the teachings of his religion or I attribute it to some personal event in his life wherein some particularly bitter experience not conforming to his beliefs or ways of the heart set himself to revenge himself upon one of the characters who came closest to the disagreeable person/s.
Being beautiful or liking lipsticks, boys etc are not sinful, rather I have known and seen many generous hearted, beautiful human beings whose lives are exemplary to the service of god through the love & service of human beings who like those things. In that, I should say, the loss is not Susan's but of the author himself as it puts a dampener to an otherwise beautiful flow of thought and teaching, as many a child and adult would surely question it, this series being read in many countries, by many minds, thinkers & religions.
Being beautiful or liking lipsticks, boys etc are not sinful, rather I have known and seen many generous hearted, beautiful human beings whose lives are exemplary to the service of god through the love & service of human beings who like those things. In that, I should say, the loss is not Susan's but of the author himself as it puts a dampener to an otherwise beautiful flow of thought and teaching, as many a child and adult would surely question it, this series being read in many countries, by many minds, thinkers & religions.
1.9.2013 | 5:40pm
micmac says:
I think that 1949 was probably the time when the Pevensies died. It was a time when girls were often in a rush to get married. When the age of 21 had almost magical properties. In 1949 girls treasured nylons, and lipstick was really expensive. Yes, I think that Susan had turned into a 21 year-old bridezilla, myself, an occasion when she really would have been wrapped up with lipstick (kissing the bride), nylons (throwing the garter, anyone?) and invitations. I hope the Pevensies got to the wedding before the train crash.
1.26.2013 | 11:51am
Robbie says:
I was broken-hearted, personally, having come to know her character through the novels. It just seemed so sad. But, it also made sense. On the one hand Narnia was written for kids but the truths it presents are universal. They apply perfectly in the real world. The voice of God calls out to all his children. But some of His children are seduced by other voices. It's always been this way. Susan should remind us of how easily we can be drawn away from true beauty and goodness, from innocence and childlikeness. She reminds me of myself.
She sold her glorious birthright for trinkets, mere baubles. Thank God for His unimaginable and endless Mercy. Thank you Jesus.
She sold her glorious birthright for trinkets, mere baubles. Thank God for His unimaginable and endless Mercy. Thank you Jesus.
2.15.2013 | 11:51am
Nicholas X. Hall says:
Susan's fate is not unknown as a few of you commented. She has strayed from what it is to be a child but deep down, she has not lost that. Deep down she still believes in Narnia and in Alsan, just avoiding them until it suits her, not Aslan, to come running back.
In a letter to a child just before he died, C.S. Lewis said that Susan was not killed in the train wreck. He went on to say that her story was far from over and that she had some great plan. Sadly, Lewis died before he could finish his draft of the book he was writing on Susan's fate.
In a letter to a child just before he died, C.S. Lewis said that Susan was not killed in the train wreck. He went on to say that her story was far from over and that she had some great plan. Sadly, Lewis died before he could finish his draft of the book he was writing on Susan's fate.
4.7.2013 | 7:59pm
Donna says:
Beside of any religous aspect:
From where should God obtain his believers, when there wasn't the sex he himself made the indispensable condition for the origination of every new creature?
And would any woman wear lipstick, if it wasn't something men are attracted to?
And could it be against God's intention, that men adore women and have children with them?
When the answer is "yes", something must have gone pretty wrong with the consistency of his considerations and realizations.
Furthermore, making sexuality one of the strongest needs and simultaneously declaring it for nefarious - wouldn't this be at least a LITTLE bit mean?
Can't imagine a gracious God being so contradictous and cruel.
From where should God obtain his believers, when there wasn't the sex he himself made the indispensable condition for the origination of every new creature?
And would any woman wear lipstick, if it wasn't something men are attracted to?
And could it be against God's intention, that men adore women and have children with them?
When the answer is "yes", something must have gone pretty wrong with the consistency of his considerations and realizations.
Furthermore, making sexuality one of the strongest needs and simultaneously declaring it for nefarious - wouldn't this be at least a LITTLE bit mean?
Can't imagine a gracious God being so contradictous and cruel.
4.29.2013 | 5:00pm
DK says:
The "Problem with Susan" is the result when people view artistic choices through a prism of feminism. I drew much the same conclusion as Robbie when he says "The voice of God calls out to all his children. But some of His children are seduced by other voices.". I believe this is a perfectly valid explanation of the artistic choice by C.S. Lewis as this is a quite common outcome to growing up. Is it appalling and narrow minded that so many make the same choice?
5.3.2013 | 11:51pm
Edith says:
I personally believe that Susan was just spared from the accident. She's going through a point in her life where she has forgotten what is truly important. She is wrapped up in the novelty of the adult world and being able to buy pretty things. I feel that, given time to mature and settle, she will rediscover the joys of having God in her life. And when her time comes- for surely it will one day come- she will join her loved ones in Heaven and be given true wisdom just like everybody else that was present in The Last Battle.


