Impure thinkers

It’s often said that modernity begins with thinkers of purity like Descartes. At the First Things site, I review a book that tells a more complex and interesting story about early modern English culture . . . . . Continue Reading »

You shall likewise perish

Edwards ( The Blank Bible , 907) pre-channels NT Wright in his comments on Jesus’ warning in Luke 13: “Christ in these words seems to have respect to something more than merely their perishing, as well as they, unless they repented. He seems also to have regard to the ‘remarkable . . . . Continue Reading »

Perpetual ceremonies

The Torah indicates that the ceremonies of the law were to be done perpetually. But this cannot, Edwards says (Misc. 1027 in The Miscellanies, 833-1152 ) be taken in the strictest sense. Among other things, the prophets predict that the entire earth and all nations will worship the true God and . . . . Continue Reading »

Filled hands, Open hands

Gifts of physical goods were always, Edwards says, part of piety ( The Miscellanies, 833-1152 , 79): “It was a thing established in the visible church of God from the very beginning, that a part of the substance of God’s visible people should be brought as an offering to the Lord. So it . . . . Continue Reading »

China in Biblical History

Jonathan Edwards summarized a widely held opinion when he claimed that Chinese language and civilization perpetuated the language and civilization of the immediate post-diluvian world: “Their language seems not to have been altered in the confusion of Babel. Their learning is reported to have . . . . Continue Reading »

By the Spirit

Following the lead of John Owen, Edwards highlights the pneumatological dimension of the incarnation and work of Christ ( Notes on Scripture , 575): “It was by the eternal Spirit that Christ offered up himself without spot to God. It was by the Holy Spirit many ways. It was by the Holy Spirit . . . . Continue Reading »

Martyr Sacrifice

Numbers 19 gives the recipe for concocting the water of purification from the ashes of a burnt red heifer and some other ingredients. We expect a Reformed theologian like Edwards to reach immediately for Christological analogies. Instead, the heifer becomes a type of the martyr church ( Notes on . . . . Continue Reading »

Jephthah’s vow

Jephthah did not, Edwards argues, slaughter his daughter on an altar. That would have been unlawful, just as offering an unclean animal on the altar was unlawful. What he did was what he could lawfully do, dedicate her to the Lord - just as an unclean animal could be dedicated to holy service. A . . . . Continue Reading »

Christ the Wheat, Christ the Bread

Jonathan Edwards observes in his Notes on Scripture that the temple was built on a threshing floor “where wheat was wont to be threshed that it might become bread to support men’s life.” Like everything else about the temple system, this constituted a type of Christ: “The . . . . Continue Reading »