Desolate land

“Your land is desolate,” Isaiah says to Judah, “your cities are burned with fire” (1:7).  That means they are under the curses of the covenant, such as those detailed in Leviticus 26:33, which warns about the “desolation” of the land and the wasting of . . . . Continue Reading »

Oil Tree

Isaiah promises that Yahweh will replant Israel with cedar, shittah, myrtle, and “oil trees” (41:19).  It is a promise that the land will again be fertile and be turned from a desert to a grove and a garden.  But “oil tree” is rare, and is used several times in . . . . Continue Reading »

Purified wounds

Isaiah says that Judah’s body politic has been beaten from head to foot (1:5-6).  There is no health in it, only a fourfold wounding - wounds, stripes, fresh/putrefying, sores; there is also a fourfold lack - the wounds are not closed, not bandaged, not softened, no oil. Two of these . . . . Continue Reading »

Structure of Isaiah 1

With a couple of slight modifications, I find Eddy Lanz’s structural analysis of Isaiah 1:1-2:2 ( http://www.lanz.li/engot/isaengstructure.pdf ) compelling: A. Vision of Isaiah re Judah and Jerusalem, 1:1 B. People rebel against and forsake Yahweh; therefore, they are beaten up, 1:2-6 C. Zion . . . . Continue Reading »

Bruised for us

Sawyer also notes that Christian interpreters often used the gruesome description of the beaten body in Isaiah 1:6 as background and justification for describing the wounds of Christ in detail.  In traditional readings, Isaiah shows that “no part of his precious body was spared,” . . . . Continue Reading »

Ox and Ass

John Sawyer ( The Fifth Gospel: Isaiah in the History of Christianity ) summarizes the uses that Christians have made of the “ox and ass” of Isaiah 1:3: “Some commentators like Gregory of Nazianzus . . . interpret the ox as a symbol of the Jews and the ass as the gentiles loaded . . . . Continue Reading »

The Setting of Isaiah 1:2-9

Many if not most commentators on Isaiah suggest that Isaiah 1 is set around the time of the Assyrian invasion of Judah in 701, a story detailed in Isaiah 36-39.  I took that position in my sermon notes earlier this week.  Then my colleague, Toby Sumpter, and a ministerial student, CJ . . . . Continue Reading »

Proverbs 29:14-17

PROVERBS 29:14 Verses 12-13 move toward the themes of verse 14.  Verse 12 is about a ruler who gives heed to falsehood, and verse 13 is about the poor.  Verse 14 combines the two interests with a statement about the role of a king. According to the Torah, judges are supposed to judge . . . . Continue Reading »

Arian Sacramental theology

Gregory charges Eunomius (11.5) with undermining the efficacy of sacraments.  Eunomius claims, “we, in agreement with holy and blessed men; affirm that the mystery of godliness does not consist in venerable names, nor in the distinctive character of customs . . . . Continue Reading »