Structure of Micah 3

Micah 3 appears to be a distinct unit of the prophecy (but see below).  It begins with “And I said,” and chapter 4 begins with a disjunctive “it will come about in the last days” (4:1). Within chapter 3, there is an obvious inclusio between verses 1 and 9.  Both . . . . Continue Reading »

Intentional Fallacy

In 1881, Edward Payson Vining wrote an innovative book that promised to unravel The Mystery of Hamlet .  When Vining had weighed all the evidence, he came to the only reasonable conclusion: Hamlet was a woman. Not, mind you, that Shakespeare conceived of a female prince: “It is not even . . . . Continue Reading »

He Murdered Us

When Rosencrantz and Guildenstern play questions with Hamlet in Tom Stoppard’s inversion of Hamlet , Rosencrantz says that the score was “Twenty-seven-three.” “He murdered us,” he adds, and then says it again for good measure. As Marjorie Garber notes in her  . . . . Continue Reading »

The Old Mole of History

Spirit, Hegel said, works inwardly, ever forward, until “grown strong in itself it bursts asunder the crust of earth which divided it from the sun . . . so that the earth crumbles away.”  Apparently addressing relentless Geist , Hegel quotes Hamlet to his father’s ghost: . . . . Continue Reading »

Hamlet, Ritual, Modernity

De Grazia still, summarizing Lacan’s claim that Hamlet is about mourning: “‘I know of no commentator who has ever taken the trouble to make this remark . . . from one end of Hamle t to the other, all anyone talks about is mourning.’  It is no coincidence that . . . . Continue Reading »

Inventing psychology

The OED indicates that the first known use of the word “psychological” is from 1812, but de Grazia says that “Coleridge had been using the term in his lectures since 1800.”  He used it mainly to describe Shakespeare’s ability to characterize “habits of . . . . Continue Reading »

Barbaric Shakespeare

In her ‘Hamlet’ without Hamlet , Margreta de Grazia shows that Hamlet was not always considered a harbinger of modern subjectivity.   On the contrary, Restoration critics and playwrights considered Shakespeare and Hamlet to be retrograde and rude: “In the ‘refined . . . . Continue Reading »

Gobbo, Jessica, Shylock

Two members of Shylock’s household escape his house during Merchant of Venice .  Lancelot Gobbo leaves in order to become a servant to Bassanio, and Jessica leaves to be with her lover Lorenzo.  The parallels between the two are brought out by the juxtaposition of the plots in Act . . . . Continue Reading »

Flesh for Flesh

Why does Shylock insist on getting his pound of flesh?  He stands for law, for justice, and as a Jew his justice is the lex talionis , eye for eye.  He wants flesh because flesh has been taken from him. When?  ”My daughter is my flesh and blood” he laments when she . . . . Continue Reading »

Our Sacrament, 2

Jim Rogers of Texas A&M writes in response to my post on the pledge of allegiance: “the Supreme Court overturned  Gobitis just three years later in  West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, thus making it one of the most short-lived precedents ever. “That does . . . . Continue Reading »