Edom’s thieves

Jesus warns that His coming will be like the coming of a “thief” at night (Matthew 24:43; cf. 1 Thessalonians 5:2, 4; Revelation 3:3). This specific image - a thief breaking in at night - comes in part from the law, Exodus 22 gives regulations about how to deal with a thief breaking . . . . Continue Reading »

Yoke and Yoke

Yahweh delivered Israel from the yoke of Egypt (Leviticus 26:13), and put her to work in His own field. He warned, though, that they would receive an iron yoke if they failed to plow faithfully (Deuteronomy 28:48). That heavier yoke first takes the form of the yoke of Solomon. The word . . . . Continue Reading »

Harlot

A “Well, duh” moment. Yahweh regularly charges Israel with harlotry. This is not just serial adultery, though it is that. It is also commercialization. Yahweh loves His bride and calls her to intimate love. She wants to buy him off with sacrifices and trinkets. . . . . Continue Reading »

Testimony

In the article mentioned in my last post, Kloos argues that Augustine moves beyond allegorical and figural exegesis in the process of writing the Contra Faustum . Figural exegesis plays into Faustus’s hands: If the Old Testament physically figures spiritual realities, why not dispense . . . . Continue Reading »

Return to Egypt

Portier-Young notes that during the Ptolemaic domination of Palesting, “some families were taken captive and enslaved.” She cites Hengel, who claims that the slave trade flourished under the Ptolemies. Josephus claims that “soldiers sold slaves independently of imperial policy as . . . . Continue Reading »

Holy City

Josephus ( Antiquities 12) cites this intriguing decree ( programma ) from Antiochus III: “It shall be lawful for no foreigner to come within the limits of the temple round about; which thing is forbidden also to the Jews, unless to those who, according to their own custom, have purified . . . . Continue Reading »

Sectarian purity

In an older article on purity in ancient Israel, Jacob Neusner makes the trenchant observation that purity concerns arise primarily within sectarian disputes among Jews: “When gen- tiles profane the Temple, the language of cultic purity is not apt to enter into the description of the event, . . . . Continue Reading »